The research aimed, in general, to estimate the efficiency of using the available economic resources to produce the barley crop in North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. The results indicated that El-Hasana District ranks first among the District of the governorate in terms of the cultivated area, and the number of holders producing barley crop in the governorate, with about 613 Fadden of farms, owned by 607 holders. By studying the indicators of economic efficiency of the elements of production of the barley crop, it was found that the coefficient of economic efficiency of the two elements of seed, nitrogen fertilizer, was about 1.01 and 1.07, respectively, which indicates the economic efficiency of using these two elements in the total sample farms. As for the profit margins and measures of the economic efficiency of the barley crop under the rain-fed irrigation system within the various holding groups in the study sample in North Sinai Governorate during the 2021/2022 production season, it was found that the general average for each of the net yield per acre, the return above variable costs, and the added value amounted to about 3.534. , 5.46, and 8.383 thousand LE, respectively during the same season. The general average for each of the return on costs, the profitability of the invested pound, the profit margin of the product, and the relative profitability was about 1.59, 58.9%, 37.1%, 64.7%, during the same season. This research recommends the need to expand the cultivation of barley crop in North Sinai Governorate