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230181

Chloramphenicol is re-emerging as an effective drug in the treatment of typhoid fever in Southern Benue state, Nigeria

Article

Last updated: 25 Dec 2024

Subjects

-

Tags

Antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Background:Typhoid fever is an endemic disease in many developing countries with significant health implications that could sometimes, turn fatal. The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella typhi ( S. typhi ) isolates from stool samples of patients attending secondary health centres in Benue South geographical zone. Methods: One thousand and twenty-two (1022) stool samples were collected from 583 male and 439 female patients presumptively diagnosed with typhoid fever using Widal test. Isolation of S.typhi was according to standard procedure. The antimicrobial susceptibility of S. typhi isolates was tested against 10 different antibiotics, using the disc diffusion method. Results: A total of 447 (43.7%) S. typhi were isolated.Antibiotic resistance pattern showed that 64% (286/447) of the total isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotic classes. The isolates demonstrated the highest resistance to ciprofloxacin (55.6%; 159/286), and azithromycin (53.8%; 154/286). Resistance was highest to cephalosporin (ceftriaxone and ceftazidime) class of antibiotics  (66.1%; 189/286). Isolates, however, showed susceptibility to the carbapenem (imipenem, 286/286), amphenicol (chloramphenicol, 286/286) and aminoglycoside (gentamicin  278/286). A total of 42.7% (122/286) isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotic classes, with different resistance patterns. Conclusion: These findings reveal multidrug resistance of S. typhi to antibiotics, with a possible positive reversing trend in the susceptibility characteristics of S. typhi tochloramphenicol in the study area, bringing to fore the need for adequate measures to control increasing resistance by this important pathogen and reconsideration for chloramphenicol in S. typhi treatment.

DOI

10.21608/mid.2022.126422.1257

Keywords

Salmonella, antibiotics, resistance, Typhoid, Multidrug

Authors

First Name

Peter

Last Name

Adikwu

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Biological Sciences, Benue State University Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Email

adikwu@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Innocent

Last Name

Ogbonna

MiddleName

Okonkwo

Affiliation

Department of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Email

innocentogbonna@gmail.com

City

Makurdi

Orcid

-

First Name

Godwin

Last Name

Obande

MiddleName

Attah

Affiliation

Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nasarawa state, Nigeria

Email

obandegodwins@gmail.com

City

Lafia

Orcid

https://orcid.org/00

First Name

Ebele

Last Name

Umeh

MiddleName

U

Affiliation

Department of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Email

ebeleumeh@gmail.com

City

Makurdi

Orcid

-

First Name

Charles

Last Name

Iheukwumere

MiddleName

Chidozie

Affiliation

Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Email

cciheukwumere@gmail.com

City

Makurdi

Orcid

-

First Name

Philip

Last Name

Awodi

MiddleName

Sule

Affiliation

Science Laboratory Technology Department Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo, Benue State, Nigeria

Email

sulepa@gmail.com

City

Ugbokolo

Orcid

-

Volume

4

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

40831

Issue Date

2023-05-01

Receive Date

2022-03-09

Publish Date

2023-05-01

Page Start

601

Page End

610

Print ISSN

2682-4132

Online ISSN

2682-4140

Link

https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_230181.html

Detail API

https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=230181

Order

29

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,157

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

Publication Link

https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Chloramphenicol is re-emerging as an effective drug in the treatment of typhoid fever in Southern Benue state, Nigeria

Details

Type

Article

Created At

25 Dec 2024