This research aims, in general, at studying the estimation of production cost functions that reflect the relationship between total costs and actual production, through which can derive the most important economic indicators that reflect the extent to which agricultural production units achieve economic efficiency in their use of productive resources participating in the production process, as well as the extent to which these Units are a means of maximizing profits for the agricultural product. studying the production costs and associated indicators is also important, whether at the level of the production unit or the national level, as they can be used in drawing and analyzing price policies and assisting agricultural producers in making their own production decisions, which motivate producers to continue and expand the production process or to stop production, in addition to determining the volume of production that achieves the most profits, and then achieving economic efficiency from the use of productive elements.