The objective of the study: was to evaluate and recognize the effect of the upper limb ergometer as a type of aerobic exercise and its effect on the atherogenic index of plasma as a major predictor of cardiovascular hazards and quality of life in obese postmenopausal women, also to detect the changes occur on waist circumference and body weight after four weeks of performing upper limb ergometer. Methods: One-hundred and three obese postmenopausal women aged 45-55 years old with body math index ranged 30-40 kg/m2. Ladies randomly allocated into two equal groups, study and control group. Atherogenic index, waist circumference, body weight and quality of life using Obesity and Weight Loss Quality of Life were evaluated before and after the intervention. Four weeks of moderate aerobic exercise training using upper limb ergometer was performed by the experimental group in addition to their usual medication for dyslipidemia prescribed by physician. The control group was adherent to dyslipidemia medication only. Results: A significant improvement was noticed regarding the study group in (atherogenic index, body weight, waist circumference and quality of life) where P-value was (P< 0.05). There was a significant change in body weight and waist circumference only as P-value was (0.020, 0.004) respectively, in the control group. Conclusions; Upper limb ergometer has a significant effect on the atherogenic index of plasma, body weight, waist circumference and quality of life in post-menopausal obese women.