This research presents an integrated approach to address the Transportation Problem ( TP ) with a focus on minimizing fuel consumption and reducing carbon dioxide emissions , aimed at promoting sustainable development. The proposed solution combines mathematical modeling techniques and heuristic search algorithms, tailored to the specific context of the Cairo Transport Authority ( CTA ) transportation networ k in Egypt . The study demonstrates the effectiveness of this approach in achieving a balance between reducing fuel consumption and transportation costs while upholding service quality and customer satisfaction . . Notably , the results highlight the significant potential for reducing carbon dioxide emissions by optimally allocating buses to routes , leading to an annual reduction of over 400,000 kg of emissions . These findings have important implications for transportation planning and management , emphasizing the benefits of adopting sustainable transportation solutions to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts of transportation .