The current research aimed at identifying the factorial structure of the Anhedonia List (AL) and its mediating role between mindfulness and both anxiety and depression among university students. The first sample consisted of (250) students, males (n = 90) and females (n = 160), with (M=19.78, SD=2.95 years), from Sohag University students to calculate the factorial structure of the Anhedonia List (AL). The second sample consisted of 490 students Males (n=110) and females (n=380), average age (M= 20,21, SD=2,97), from Sohag University students to calculate the mediating role of anhedonia between mindfulness and symptoms of anxiety and depression. (Second search). The Beck Scales for Depression and Anxiety, the Mindfulness Scale, the Short Social and Physical Anhedonia Scales were used. For the purpose of the current research, an Anhedonia List (AL) was developed and tested for Validity and reliability. Using exploratory and confirmatory (χ2 / df= 1.625, RMSEA= 0.050, RMR= 0.032, IFI- 0.8, CFI= 0.8, TLI=0.8) factor analysis, it was found that anhedonia is a multi-dimensional construct with four dimensions: cognitive, emotional, social and physical. Each dimension has three levels: desire, effort, and experience. Regression Analysis revealed that anhedonia contributes to both anxiety (64.6%) and depression (71.7%), and mindfulness contributes to both anxiety (42.1%) and depression (47.3%).  It was also found - through a structural model - that anhedonia plays a mediating role between mindfulness and both anxiety and depression among university students. It was recommended that further research be conducted to verify the psychometric properties of the list of anhedonia on other samples and environments, and to validate the current structural model on other disorders. Based on the results of the current research, a new therapeutic approach was proposed under the name "Mindfulness Based Anhedonia Reduction (MBAR) Therapy" to treat or reduce anxiety and depression disorders.