394013

Protective Potentials of Spirulina Platensis Against Benzo[a] Pyrene-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Albino Rats.

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Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Background: Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]p) is regarded as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that results due to partial combustion of organic materials.  B[a]p has variable probable toxic health effects on humans and that makes it an issue of concern to the public health. Spirulina Platensis is a type of cyanobacteria that is multicellular and filamentous, and it has gained considerable popularity in the field of medicine. Aim of the work: was to assess the potential protection by Spirulina against toxic effects of B[a]p in rats' heart tissues. Material and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats have been categorized into 5 equal groups; Negative control, Positive control (10 mL/kg corn oil), Spirulina Platensis (300 mg/kg), Benzo[a]pyrene (50 mg/kg), and Benzo[a]pyrene + Spirulina Platensis groups. All treatments were given twice per week. After four weeks, rats had been sacrificed, NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX-2), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with cytokines of inflammation; tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in the heart. Determination of cardiac Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was also done. The left ventricular cardiac tissues were stained by both hematoxylin and eosin and Mallory trichrome stains, and the immunohistochemical expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) was evaluated. Results: B[a]p-treated rats showed an elevation of oxidative and inflammatory markers, and increased expression of cardiac TLR4. Co-administration of Spirulina with B[a]p mitigated all the measured parameters. Histopathology and immunohistochemical staining showed that the B[a]p developed histological damage and immunohistochemical changes in the left ventricular tissues and these changes were alleviated by Spirulina co-administration. Conclusion: Administration of Spirulina produced positive impact on oxidative and inflammatory markers of the heart, along with ameliorating the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings induced by B[a]p. Recommendations: Spirulina Platensis is a suggested agent for protection against cardiotoxic effects of B[a]p. More studies are required to investigate cardio-protective potential as well as safe and effective doses in humans.

DOI

10.21608/esctj.2024.322324.1071

Keywords

Spirulina, Benzo[a]pyrene, Cardiac toxicity, Rats

Authors

First Name

Nahla

Last Name

Ibrahim

MiddleName

M

Affiliation

Lecturer of Forensic medicine and Toxicology Zagazig University

Email

drnahlaibrahimforensic@gmail.com

City

zagazig

Orcid

0009-0004-7238-0812

First Name

Dalia

Last Name

Abdou

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Lecturer of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Email

dr_das2006@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Heba

Last Name

Abdel-aziz

MiddleName

Mohamed

Affiliation

Assistant professor of histology and cell biology

Email

hebaeraky37@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Waleed

Last Name

Abd El Wahab

MiddleName

Ahmed Badawy

Affiliation

lecturer of Anatomy and embryology Faculty of medicine, Misr university for science and technology

Email

waleedaba1@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Noura

Last Name

Qenawy

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Lecturer of Anatomy and embryology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University

Email

nourakenawy82@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Hend

Last Name

Sameh

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

lecturer of Medical Biochemistry Zagazig university

Email

noda_sameh89@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Mai

Last Name

Eldaly

MiddleName

M.

Affiliation

Lecturer of medical biochemistry Zagazig University

Email

mmeldaly@medicine.zu.edu.eg

City

zagazig

Orcid

-

First Name

Samar

Last Name

Sakr

MiddleName

Samy

Affiliation

Assistant professor at Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Zagazig University, faculty of Medicine

Email

samar.samy2000@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

12

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

51764

Issue Date

2024-12-01

Receive Date

2024-09-19

Publish Date

2024-11-01

Page Start

94

Page End

110

Print ISSN

2356-6515

Online ISSN

2356-6523

Link

https://esctj.journals.ekb.eg/article_394013.html

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https://esctj.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=394013

Order

394,013

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,098

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Society of Clinical Toxicology Journal

Publication Link

https://esctj.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Protective Potentials of Spirulina Platensis Against Benzo[a] Pyrene-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Albino Rats.

Details

Type

Article

Created At

25 Dec 2024