Sediments are the major compartments for many materials of toxic or nutrient concern in aquatic environment. So the studies of the distribution dynamics of heavy metals in the sediments are very important. The aim of the present study is to illustrate the factors affecting on the rate of accumulation of the sediments in Damietta and Rosetta branches during the period 2010-2011. The recent sediments were collected by Ekman dredge from 24 stations represent different localities along the extent of the two branches during four seasons. The present results show that the Rosetta branch was highly polluted compared with Damietta branch.