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327721

HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA: ITS IMPACT ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Article

Last updated: 25 Dec 2024

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Abstract

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was found to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders and many other diseases. HHcy occurs when homocysteine (Hcy) exceeds 15 μmol/L. The prevalence of HHcy ranges from 5 – 10% in the general adult population. HHcy can cause atherosclerosis and heart dysfunction through oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial interaction with leukocytes, coagulation, endothelial fibrosis, SMCs proliferation, apoptosis, lipids dysregulation, epigenetic modifications and modifications of electrical conduction in the heart. Some of the drugs that have been studied have been shown to be effective in reducing the level of HHcy. Conclusion: High Hcy level can be a strong cause in several disorders including cardiovascular diseases. So, serious effort should be made to avoid and treat HHcy. All evidence suggests that Hcy is causally connected to atherosclerosis by many mechanisms. But future studies should concentrate on the molecular pathways of HHcy in cardiac dysfunction, and the effects of Hcy-lowering medications on cardiac dysfunction.

DOI

10.21608/bfsa.2023.327721

Keywords

Homocysteine, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Cardiac dysfunction, Atherosclerosis, ER stress and oxidative stress

Authors

First Name

Israa

Last Name

Jalal

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy - Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

israa.adeljalal@pharm.helwan.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abeer

Last Name

Elkhoely

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy - Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

abeerelkhoely@gmail.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Shimaa

Last Name

Mohamed

MiddleName

K.

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy - Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

shimaa_kamal@pharm.helwan.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Amany

Last Name

Ahmed

MiddleName

A.E.

Affiliation

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy - Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

46

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

44483

Issue Date

2023-12-01

Receive Date

2023-05-13

Publish Date

2023-12-01

Page Start

1,407

Page End

1,427

Print ISSN

1110-0052

Online ISSN

3009-7703

Article File

BFSA_Volume 46_Issue 2_Pages 1407-1427.pdf

PDF . 1.3MB

Link

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_327721.html

Detail API

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=327721

Order

327,721

Type

Review Article

Type Code

2,839

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences Assiut University

Publication Link

https://bpsa.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA: ITS IMPACT ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS

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Article

Created At

25 Dec 2024