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344875

Retrospective Study of Canine Pathologies Causing Mortalities in Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria

Article

Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Subjects

-

Tags

Pathology and clinical pathology

Abstract

Canine pathologies refer to the various diseases, disorders, and abnormalities that can affect a dog's different body systems and cause mortality. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the common pathologies that are associated with the mortality of dogs in Ilorin, Kwara State. A retrospective review of post-mortem records from 7 years was undertaken at a necropsy unit of the Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ilorin. Data collected included age, sex, breed, disease pathogens, and year. A total of 150 dog carcasses were presented for necropsy during the period between January 2016 and December 2022. In this study, the cases used were confirmed based on PCR results in some cases, bacterial culture and isolation, parasite identification, gross lesions, and histopathological findings in other cases. Descriptive statistics were employed to evaluate the effect of disease pathogens on age, sex, and breed distribution patterns associated with the mortality of dogs. The prevalence of viral infection among other diseases was statistically significant (34.00%; OR = 0.53; P<0.01). The percentage prevalence of each disease showed that bacterial infections were evident, with Staphylococcosis being the most prevalent at 49.01%, followed by Salmonellosis at 7.84%, Leptospirosis at 23.53%, and Brucellosis at 19.6%. Parasitic infections were also notable, encompassing canine babesiosis (34.80%), acariosis (39.10%), and canine ehrlichiosis (26.08%). Toxicosis cases were largely dominated by diclovous poisoning, constituting 88.88% of instances, while medication toxicity was observed in 11.11% of cases. Neoplastic conditions were represented by hepatic lymphoma, with a prevalence of 1%, while nutritional deficiencies included hepatic lipidosis, noted in 1% of cases. Traumatic injuries were common, with bone fracture having the highest prevalence at 66.67% and muscle laceration observed in 33.33% of cases. Intestinal obstruction cases, specifically gastric impaction, were noted in 1% of cases. Viral infections comprised parvovirus infection with the highest prevalence at 81%, and canine distemper was observed in 18.92% of cases. In conclusion, this study has exposed the leading causes of mortalities among the dog population, which include parvovirus enteritis, staphylococcosis, and acariosis infections. The emphasis should be on preventive measures to curtail disease transmission and associated financial loss.

DOI

10.21608/javs.2024.262746.1309

Keywords

canine, Bacterial, mortality, Parasitic, virus

Authors

First Name

Mohammed

Last Name

Adam

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Of Ilorin, Nigeria

Email

adam.m@unilorin.edu.ng

City

Ilorin

Orcid

0000-0002-5811-4604

First Name

Abdulateef

Last Name

Ajadi

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

Department Of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, University Of Ilorin, Nigeria

Email

ajadi.aa@unilorin.edu.ng

City

Ilorin

Orcid

0000-0002-3948-671X

First Name

Jamila

Last Name

Atata

MiddleName

J.

Affiliation

Department Of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, University Of Ilorin, Nigeria

Email

atata.aj@unilorin.edu.ng

City

Ilorin

Orcid

0000-0002-3948-671X

First Name

Olatunde

Last Name

Akanbi

MiddleName

B.

Affiliation

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.

Email

akanbi.ob@unilorin.edu.ng

City

Ilorin

Orcid

0000-0002-9583-5742

First Name

Shodeinde

Last Name

Shoyinka

MiddleName

Vincent O.

Affiliation

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Pathology, University of Nigeria , Nsukka, Nigeria

Email

vincentsho2002@yahoo.co.uk

City

Nsukka

Orcid

0000-0002-2058-4604

First Name

Muhammad

Last Name

Abubakar

MiddleName

S.

Affiliation

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo, Nigeria

Email

abubakar@udusok.edu.ng

City

Sokoto

Orcid

0000-0002-3384-6243

First Name

Moshood

Last Name

Olaniyi

MiddleName

O.

Affiliation

Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria

Email

olaniyimo@funaab.edu.ng

City

Abeokuta

Orcid

0000-0003-4963-7318

Volume

9

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

45822

Issue Date

2024-04-01

Receive Date

2024-01-23

Publish Date

2024-04-01

Page Start

91

Page End

98

Print ISSN

1687-4072

Online ISSN

2090-3308

Article File

JAVS_Volume 9_Issue 2_Pages 91-98.pdf

PDF . 547.0kB

Link

https://javs.journals.ekb.eg/article_344875.html

Detail API

https://javs.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=344875

Order

9

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,095

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences

Publication Link

https://javs.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Retrospective Study of Canine Pathologies Causing Mortalities in Ilorin Kwara State, Nigeria

Details

Type

Article

Created At

25 Dec 2024