With the emergence of the hereditary system of the caliphate in the Umayyad dynasty, the succession to the position of Arab caliphate transitioned from the consultative election system during the period of the four caliphs to the inheritance system based on blood relationship. The formation of the hereditary system of the Umayyad Dynasty went through the period of the Abu Sufyan family and the Marwan family. The general process was from Muawiyah created a new model of hereditary succession by supporting Yazid as the crown prince, to Abdul Malik's succession and the position of the Umayyad Caliph was successively inherited within the Marwan family, which made it more stable. Its formation was a new historical process, which requires a profound struggle with traditional political forces and was implemented in the form of war. It was also closely related to the consolidation and development of the Arab monarchy. The Umayyad caliphate succession system has significant characteristics, showing the mutual conversion between the consultative election system and the hereditary succession system, the transition from enthroning one crown prince to multiple crown princes, and the contradiction between brothers inheriting the throne from each other and the father passing the throne to his son.