Medication non-adherence is a major global issue among patients with psychiatric disorders. 
The most important elements related with medication non-adherence are health locus of 
control and self-efficacy. Aim of the study: To explore role of health locus of control and 
self-efficacy on level of psychotropic medication adherence among patients with psychiatric 
disorders. Subject: A convenience sample of 140 patients with psychiatric disorders was 
involved. Settings: The study was executed at the Inpatient Psychiatric Department in two 
settings; Tanta University Hospital and the Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery Center. 
Study design: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized. Study tools: Four 
tools were used: Tool I: Socio-demographic and Clinical Data Structured Questionnaire. Tool 
II: Medication Adherence Rating Scale. Tool III: Multidimensional Health Locus of Control 
(form C) . Tool IV: General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: The study revealed that two thirds 
of the studied patients were non adherent to psychotropic medications and the half of them 
had moderate level of self-efficacy. Self-efficacy and health locus of control had statistically 
significant role in the prediction of psychotropic medication adherence among studied 
subjects. Conclusions: Self-efficacy and health locus of control are strong determinants in the 
occurrence of medication adherence among patients with psychiatric disorders. 
Recommendations: Developing programs for enhancing health locus of control and selfefficacy among patients with psychiatric disorders