: Tracheoesophageal fistula represents one of the most common life-threatening 
conditions due to the pulmonary complications among critically ill mechanically ventilated 
patients due to prolonged high cuff pressure, high airway pressure, excessive motion of 
tracheal tube, prolonged duration of intubation, severe airway suctioning and the presence 
of a firm nasogastric tube. Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula in the adult carries a high 
mortality risk. The nurse plays crucial role for caring of patients on mechanical ventilation 
to minimize rate of tracheoesophageal fistula. The aim of the study was to evaluate the 
effect of educational nursing intervention program on nurses' performance for minimizing 
tracheoesophageal fistula among mechanically ventilated patients. Setting: This study was 
conducted at Traumatology and Emergency Medicine Intensive Care Units and Anesthesia 
Intensive Care Units in Emergency Hospital of Tanta Hospitals, Egypt. Method: A quasiexperimental design was utilized in this study. Sample of the study consisted of all nurses 
(80) who are working in the ICU. Tools: Two tools were used to collect data, Tool (1) A 
Structured questionnaire for studied nurses, Tool (II) Nurses' observational Checklist. 
Results: It was observed that there was highly significant improvement among the studied 
nurses' knowledge and practice pre, immediate and post a week of educational program, 
where P value=0.000. Conclusion: There were significant statistical improvement in the 
total knowledge and practice mean score post implementation of nursing educational 
program. Recommendation: It was recommended that encouraging critical care nurses' 
in-service training program regarding tracheoesophageal fistula.