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397772

FIRST RECORD OF FUNGAL DISEASES OF STEVIA (STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI) IN EGYPT

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Last updated: 24 Dec 2024

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Abstract

Stevia was introduced as a medicinal crop to Egypt in 1990 as a source of natural sweeteners for low-energy foods. Soilborne diseases such as southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.), charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold.), wilt (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. emend. Snyd. & Hans.), and root rot (F. semitectum Berk. & Ray., F. solani (Mart.) Appel & Wr. emend. Snyd. & Hans., and R. solani Kühn), as well as airborne diseases like black spot (Alternaria steviae Nees ex Wallr.) and gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), have been recorded for the first time on stevia plants grown in Giza Governorate. Isolation from infected roots and basal stems revealed that S. rolfsii is the most frequent, followed by F. oxysporum and R. solani. Pathogenicity tests indicated that the fungi isolated are pathogenic to stevia, causing symptoms similar to natural infections. S. rolfsii was the most virulent fungus, attacking the plants and affecting their growth (plant height, number of branches, and fresh weight), followed by F. oxysporum, M. phaseolina, and R. solani. The efficacy of Topsin M and Vitavax/Thiram (3 gm/kg seed or in water), as well as Plant Guard (3X10^7 cfu of T. harzianum; 4 ml/kg seed or in water) and Rhizo N (3X10^7 cfu of Bacillus subtilis, 4 gm/kg seed or in water) as seed dressing and dip treatment for seedlings in controlling soilborne diseases was evaluated. Significant reductions in infection are consistently achieved by using fungicides, while similar results are recorded in most cases with biocides. Topsin M is the most effective against most soilborne fungi, while Plant Guard is superior specifically for F. oxysporum. The ineffective treatments are Plant Guard against R. solani and S. rolfsii (seed dressing), S. rolfsii (dip treatment), and Rhizo N against R. solani (seed and dip treatment).

DOI

10.21608/ejar.2000.397772

Keywords

R. solani, S. rollsii, Stevia rebaudiana, medicinal plants

Authors

First Name

ARAFA A.

Last Name

HILAL

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Affiliation

Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

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First Name

MOHAMED A.

Last Name

BAIUOMY

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Affiliation

Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

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Volume

78

Article Issue

4

Related Issue

52210

Issue Date

2000-12-01

Receive Date

1999-12-19

Publish Date

2000-12-01

Page Start

1,435

Page End

1,448

Print ISSN

1110-6336

Online ISSN

2812-4936

Link

https://ejar.journals.ekb.eg/article_397772.html

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https://ejar.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=397772

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Original Article

Type Code

1,041

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Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research

Publication Link

https://ejar.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

FIRST RECORD OF FUNGAL DISEASES OF STEVIA (STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI) IN EGYPT

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Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024