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371457

Sustainable management of two Sitophilus species infesting wheat grains using crude extracts from botanicals

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Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Abstract

This study investigates the bioactivities of the leaf extract of Acalypha godseffiana (Muell Arg.) and the stem bark extract of Alstonia boonei (De Wild) against Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus)and Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) at different concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, and 12.5% %). The relative growth rate (RGR), relative consumption rate (RCR), and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) of both Sitophilus species were assessed using extract-treated wheat flour discs. The contact toxicity and effects of both extracts on the adult emergence of both weevils were also determined. Control experiments were set up for all the bioassays. Phytochemical compounds (tannins, saponins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids) in each botanical extract were checked. Except for anthraquinones, which was lacking in A. boonei but marginally present in A. godseffiana, both extracts contain all the tested phytochemicals in either low, moderate, or high amounts. The LC50 values showed that both extracts had higher toxicity to S. zeamais at 24 and 48 h and to S. oryzae at 72 and 96 h. Both extracts at 12.5% significantly decreased adult emergence and evoked higher inhibition in adult emergence of both Sitophilus species relative to controls. RGR, RCR, and ECI generally decreased as extract concentrations increased. At 12.5%, A. boonei and A. godseffiana considerably decreased the RCR of S. oryzae and S. zeamais,respectively. Additionally, the ECI of both species was significantly lower relative to controls. Conclusively, the two extracts evoked insecticidal, anti-nutritional, and significantly reduced adult emergence of both Sitophilus species relative to controls.

DOI

10.21608/ejar.2024.243557.1452

Keywords

Acalypha godseffiana, Alstonia boonei, Sitophilus species, phytochemical compounds, toxicity

Authors

First Name

Emmanuel A.

Last Name

Oyeniyi

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

Email

oyemmayo@gmail.com

City

Akure

Orcid

0000-0003-2319-8091

Volume

102

Article Issue

3

Related Issue

48985

Issue Date

2024-09-01

Receive Date

2023-10-19

Publish Date

2024-08-17

Page Start

407

Page End

417

Print ISSN

1110-6336

Online ISSN

2812-4936

Link

https://ejar.journals.ekb.eg/article_371457.html

Detail API

https://ejar.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=371457

Order

7

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,041

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research

Publication Link

https://ejar.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Sustainable management of two Sitophilus species infesting wheat grains using crude extracts from botanicals

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024