Application of physical modification techniques such as the radiation of gamma rays could induce rust resistance and improve the performance of wheat plants through the development of new products. Two field experiments were carried out during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons with the aim of evaluating the performance of five bread wheat genotypes namely (NING MAI 50-0CHN, SAKHA 93, GIZA 168, SIDS 12, SKAUZ) exposed to five doses of gamma rays i.e. (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 Kr) on rusts control, yield components and seedling parameters. Results showed that wheat genotypes significantly differed in rust infection and other parameters in both seasons at different gamma ray ratios. Sakha 93 gave high resistance to yellow rust with high seedling dry weight and seedling vigor index 2 but Giza 168 gave the highest leaf rust resistance with increased doses of gamma rays, on the other hand SKAUZ genotype surpassed other genotypes in germination percentage and grain yield in both seasons. Dose of 25 kr was the most beneficial for rust resistance and yield attributes in comparison to control while the dose 5kr caused improvement in seedling parameters. Results exhibited that the interaction effect between wheat genotypes and gamma rays was significant on all studied traits in both seasons. Finally, it is concluded that gamma rays plays important role in induced rust resistance and improve grain yield.