Background: Pain is a prevalent complaint among critically ill patients, insufficient pain diagnosis and treatment can lead to slower healing and prolonged recovery. So, to achieve the optimal results, nurses must document assessments of pain accurately and completely. Study aim: Assesses incidence and outcomes of pain on critically ill patients. Research design: Cross sectional descriptive research design. Setting: The study was conducted at Sohag University Hospitals at (general, trauma, neuro, coronary and respiratory care units). Sample: A convenience sample of adult critically ill patients recently admitted to critical care units during the period from October 2023 to March 2024 Tools: Patient assessment tool, and patients' outcome tool. Results: The bulk of the studied individuals were males aged more than 50 years old, also, more than half of patients (58.4%) experienced pain, and longer intensive care units staying. Conclusion: The incidence of pain among patients is very high. Moreover; a significant relation was founded between pain and length of stay. Recommendations: Implementing a routine schedule for pain assessments in critical care units