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315506

Molecular Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis of Asymptomatic Infection with Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in Egyptian Cattle

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Last updated: 24 Dec 2024

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Abstract

Awareness of the epidemiology of Anaplasma marginale (A. marginale) and Theileria annulata (T. annulata) in the asymptomatic carriers is integral for developing efficient control in tropical and subtropical countries. The endemic status of both pathogens among asymptomatic carrier cattle in Egypt is poorly investigated. This study was conducted to detect the prevalence of A. marginale and T. annulata infections in apparently healthy cattle from six Egyptian provinces based on specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and to assess its associated risk factors. Two hundred seventy-eight blood samples were collected from cattle in 24 farms and four abattoirs in Beheira, Damietta, Cairo, Fayoum, Qena, and Luxor. DNA was extracted, and A. marginale msp4 and T. annulata tams-1 genes were amplified using Real-Time PCR assays. The overall prevalence of A. marginale and T. annulata were 39.6% and 5.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the prevalence of co-infection was 2.5%. The prevalence of A. marginale (0.0% - 65.1%) and T. annulata (0.0% - 25.0%) greatly varied between provinces. Statistical analysis of risk factors indicated that female cows (49.7%; OR = 3.4; p = < 0.0001), Mixed breed (47.4%; OR = 3.6; p = 0.03), dairy (48.2%; OR = 3.7; p = < 0.0001), and small-size farms (60.2%; OR = 4.6; p = < 0.0001) showed a significantly higher risk for A. marginale compared to the references. Meanwhile, for T. annulata, cattle from Luxor (25.0%; OR = 10.3; p = 0.03) and ages < 2 years (16.7%; OR = 4.6; p = 0.038) had a significantly higher risk against the references. These findings highlight the endemic status of A. marginale and T. annulata in asymptomatic cattle and analyze the risks influencing their prevalence in Egyptian cattle.

DOI

10.21608/djvs.2023.220121.1117

Keywords

Anaplasma marginale, Theileria annulate, Asymptomatic, prevalence, risk factors, cattle

Authors

First Name

Samy

Last Name

Metwally

MiddleName

Gamal

Affiliation

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Egypt

Email

samy_gamal@vetmed.dmu.edu.eg

City

Damanhour

Orcid

-

First Name

Nabil

Last Name

Bakeir

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Egypt

Email

nabil.baker@vetmed.dmu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Yassien

Last Name

Badr

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Egypt

Email

yaseen.badr@vetmed.dmu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

0000-0002-0615-0822

First Name

Mina

Last Name

Saad

MiddleName

A

Affiliation

Veterinarian graduated from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21648, Egypt

Email

mina_abd_elmaseh@yahoo.com

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Besheer

Last Name

Elshafey

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Egypt

Email

besheer_elshafey@vetmed.dmu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

abcd01062954####

First Name

Wael

Last Name

Goda

MiddleName

M.

Affiliation

Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Egypt

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Rania

Last Name

Hamada

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Egypt

Email

rania.hamada@vetmed.dmu.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

10

Article Issue

2

Related Issue

43246

Issue Date

2023-11-01

Receive Date

2023-06-26

Publish Date

2023-11-01

Page Start

1

Page End

8

Print ISSN

2636-3003

Online ISSN

2636-3011

Article File

DJVS_Volume 10_Issue 2_Pages 1-8.pdf

PDF . 353.5kB

Link

https://djvs.journals.ekb.eg/article_315506.html

Detail API

https://djvs.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=315506

Order

315,506

Type

Original Article

Type Code

1,001

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Damanhour Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Publication Link

https://djvs.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Molecular Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis of Asymptomatic Infection with Anaplasma marginale and Theileria annulata in Egyptian Cattle

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024