the marine poisons that can result in food poisoning and are present in some seafood. can infect seafood without changing its flavor, aroma, or appearance. Marine toxins come in five different types, and each one has a unique set of symptoms. Numerous marine animals, such as fish, crabs, and filter-feeding bivalves including mussels, oysters, scallops, and clams, can acquire phytotoxins.
Aquatic microorganisms produce marine biotoxins, which accumulate in shellfish or finfish as they move up the food chain. Although additional exposure pathways like inhalation or touch have also been observed and may cause serious sickness.
Particularly in coastal areas where commercial fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism can be severely impacted, marine biotoxins have the potential to cause enormous financial losses.
Human health is seriously threatened by marine biotoxins. However, the toxicity mechanism of a few of them is still unknown, primarily because there is little pure material available for toxicity testing. Legal restrictions for numerous toxin groups have been established and put into effect, reducing consumer exposure to acutely hazardous amounts. Other than oral intoxication pathways should be taken into account, and new toxins may need regulatory limitations. However, in order to reevaluate risk assessment and strengthen protection plans, more epidemiological data must be collected soon utilizing strict, methodical techniques.
It is important to look into the amounts and combinations of biotoxins to which consumers may be exposed, as well as the toxicological effects of these toxin combinations.