Agricultural exports constitute a vital component of the total exports of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The research problem revolves around the decline in the quality of Egyptian agricultural exports, a crucial factor for the development of these exports to foreign markets. The issue of the decline in the quality in Egyptian agricultural exports emerged during the period (2014-2022), coinciding with strict international implementation of standards and specifications to ensure the safety and security of imports from other countries .The research aims to assess the impact of rejecting Egyptian exports on the access of agricultural exports to the most important foreign markets and measure the effect of quality systems on export crops. The study revealed that one of the main reasons for the rejection of Egyptian shipments to major European markets is the presence of pesticide residues, accounting for approximately 47.44% of total rejection notifications.
In 2021, the Netherlands recorded the highest number of rejection notifications for Egyptian shipments, reaching around 32 notifications .To study the quality's impact on the access of Egyptian agricultural exports to the most important European importing markets, the correlation between the variables of rejected agricultural messages and the growth of Egyptian agricultural exports in the following year (2017-2021) was measured. This was done by estimating the correlation coefficient (Spearman), which was approximately -0.56. This confirms a statistically significant inverse relationship between the number of rejected messages and the growth rate of Egyptian agricultural exports to major European markets the sample of the study.
Through a binary analysis variance method, significant differences were found among countries in the rejection rates of Egyptian agricultural goods, indicating a significant impact of geographic diversity of rejecting countries and the number of rejected messages in the study markets. Additionally, there is a significant interaction effect between these variables on the growth rate of Egyptian agricultural exports in the most important European Union markets at a probability level of 0.01 .To determine the real differences, the Tukey test, as one of the post hoc comparisons, was employed. It revealed a statistically significant difference at a probability level of 0.05 between the average growth rate in exports to the Cypriot market and the averages of all other markets. Examining the research sample, the impact of implementing quality systems on orange production was studied, showing a loss rate of about 2.5%, approximately 9% for quality-implementing companies, and non-implementing companies. For grape production, the loss rate decreased to about 5% in quality-implementing companies, while it increased to about 15% in non-implementing companies. As for potato production, the loss rate was about 9% and approximately 21% in quality-implementing and non-implementing companies, respectively. The significance of the decrease in the loss rate for quality-implementing companies compared to the average loss in non-implementing companies was confirmed at 0.01. Studying the actual impact of implementing quality systems on economic performance indicators for the studied crops, it was found that applying quality systems in the production and export of the sample crops is highly efficient compared to counterparts that do not adhere to quality standards. The most significant problem facing the implementation of quality system standards is the lack of trained labor.
Conclusively, Interest of agricultural associations training the agricultural workers to implement quality standards. Involve ministries, civil organizations and official institutions in the development and implementation of specifications, inspection, monitoring and follow-up. Investing in the quality infrastructure needed for verification and conformity to standards. To ascertain the effectiveness of the legislation and measures needed to control agricultural export goods in view of the impact of the rejection of certain export shipments on the growth of agricultural exports as a whole.