Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) receives great global attention because it is one of the most common endocrine disorders for women of reproductive age, so this study was directed to prove the role of the Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) in diagnosing this syndrome to start treatment within the earliest possible time.
Methods: This was a prospective case-control study on women attending the Dr.Youssef Al-Hussein Center for Fertility and Infertility Treatment in Tartous, Syria, from July 2022 to October 2022. The study consisted of 93 women diagnosed with PCOS using Rotterdam criteria and 87 controls. Clinical data was collected, including Oligo/Amenorrhea (OA), Hyperandrogenism (HA), examinations including BMI (Body Mass Index), and blood investigations including Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Prolactin (PRL), and serum AMH level. Ultrasonography (USG) was done for all women.
Results: AMH was two times higher in women with PCOS than controls, which was statistically significant (p<0.05). The maximum diagnostic ability of AMH alone for PCOS was at a cut-off of 4.91 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 79.1% and a specificity of 81.1%. However, when the polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) criterion was replaced by AMH, {(AMH, HA, OA) any two out of three}, it gave the highest sensitivity and specificity (95.3%, 100%), respectively.
Conclusions: AMH levels cannot be used as a single test for diagnosing the syndrome, but when the AMH level was paired with further clinical Rotterdam criteria, it significantly increased the diagnostic power of PCOS and could be suggested as a possible adjunct criterion to diagnose this syndrome.