Seed treatment is a valuable approach for enhancing seed viability and seedling establishment of peanut. The present study aimed to assess the effect of different seed treatments on seed viability and seedling vigor of three peanut cultivarsq.e. Giza-6, North Carolina, and Aramanch. The applied seed treatments were Rhizobiuminoculation, gypsum, moringa leaf extract, Vitavax and Mixture. (Inoculation, Vitavax, Moringa) versus untreated control.The evaluated peanut cultivars substantially varied in their performance of quality traits, seed viability, and seedling vigor. The cultivars North Carolina and Giza-6 recorded the highest value for crude protein content, germination speed, germination energy, and percentage of good seedlings in both seasons and the combined analysis. Moreover, Aramanch and Giza-6 recorded the highest each of oil content,oil yield, germination percentage, germination index, seedling length, as well as seedling fresh and dry weights during both seasons and the combined analysis. The applied seed treatments substantially ameliorated peanut quality traits, seed viability, and seedling vigor.Gypsum, moringa extract, Rhizobiuminoculation, and Vitavax displayed the highest crude protein content, oil content, germination percentage, germination index, germination speed, germination energy, percentage of good seedlings, seedling length, as well as seedling fresh and dry weights in both seasons and the combined analysis. Subsequently, the application of gypsum,moringa extract,Rhizobiuminoculation, or Vitavaxis an efficacious approach to reinforce seed quality, seed viability, and the seedling vigor of different peanut cultivars