Exposure to nanoparticles decreased the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in brain of rats and mice. However, low and intermediate doses of selenium inhibit cancer cell proliferation and has a therapeutic effects on neurological diseases. Four groups of animals, representing control, Se-administered (0.2 mg/kg/day), ZnO NP-exposed (1 g/kg/day for 5 consecutive days), and ZnO NPs + Se-treated, were used in this study. Exposure to ZnO NPs exhibited an intense amyloid β reaction for proteins in those neurons which underwent damage and apoptosis in most of cerebellar areas particularly Purkinje. Also, the exposure to these NPs reduced the total carbohydrate content in the damaged cerebellar neurons. However, administration of selenium prior to ZnO NPs exposure improved the pattern of these histochemical components.The study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of selenium in cerebellum of ZnO NPs-intoxicated rats at the histochemical level with special reference to amyloid beta proteins and carbohydrates. We also try to test the potential protctive application of selenium for treatment.