Background: Bovine lactoferrin [BLF] is a glycoprotein with antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. It is present in mucosal secretions such as saliva, tears, and seminal fluid. Due to its antibacterial properties, BLF may enhance the eradication rate of H. pylori when used in combination with traditional triple therapy.
Aim of the work: To evaluate the impact of bovine lactoferrin when added to triple therapy for H. pylori eradication in Egyptian individuals.  
Patients and Methods: This randomized controlled comparative research was conducted at the Outpatient Clinic of the Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department in Nasser Institute Hospital. The study involved 200 individuals with a positive H. pylori antigen in stool, divided into four groups; Group A: Fifty individuals received clarithromycin-based triple therapy [Clarithromycin 500 mg – amoxicillin 1 gm – p.p.i 20 mg] twice daily for two weeks, Group B: Fifty individuals received levofloxacin-based triple therapy [Levofloxacin 500 mg once daily – amoxicillin 1 gm twice daily – p.p.i 20 mg twice daily] for two weeks, Group C: Fifty individuals received clarithromycin-based triple therapy with lactoferrin 100 mg twice daily for two weeks, and Group D: Fifty individuals received levofloxacin-based triple therapy with lactoferrin 100 mg twice daily for two weeks. H. pylori stool antigen tests were performed before and after treatment in all groups to assess treatment response.
Results: Adding 200 mg of BLF potentiates the effect of clarithromycin-based triple therapy and levofloxacin-based triple therapy on H. pylori eradication rate, increasing the treatment response from 70% to 90% and from 76% to 96% respectively.
Conclusion: Bovine lactoferrin has the potential to play a role when added to triple therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.