Background: The most prevalent form of heart disease is coronary artery disease [CAD], which is currently one of the leading causes of death in the world and is predicted to remain that way for the next 20 years. Atherosclerosis, genetic predisposition, environment and lifestyle are the main risk factors for CAD. Paraoxonase1 [PON1] is a glycoprotein enzyme associated with high-density lipoprotein [HDL] particles in the blood. It can prevent lipid oxidation, lowering the risk of atherogenesis, by doing so.
The aim of the work: This work aims to study the frequency of association of PON1 gene polymorphism and risk of coronary artery diseases. This could help in better understanding of molecular basis and pathogenesis of coronary artery disease.
Patients and Methods: The study included 80 subjects, 40 patients who admitted in Al-Azhar medical hospital in Damietta with established diagnosis of coronary artery disease by coronary angiography and 40 healthy participants. Genotyping of PON1 Q192R [A/G] was done.
Results: A statistically significant association was observed with AG and GG genotypes of PON1 gene with CAD with P= 0.017. The G allele of PON1 was higher in CAD patients than controls suggesting that this allele may demonstrate a susceptibility effect to CAD in our cohort with P=0.025.
Conclusion: The Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene may be a susceptibility gene associated with increased risk of CAD among Egyptians.