The primary factors leading to bone loss are trauma, tumor excision, and 
degeneration. Ongoing research has focused on investigating the efficacy of natural 
and synthetic substitutes for bone grafts, utilizing both in vivo and in vitro 
experiments. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite (N-HA) 
in stimulating bone regeneration in significant bone defects in the tibia of dogs. This 
study utilized a cohort of 12 adult male mongrel dogs. Two holes with a diameter of 
10 mm were surgically created in the upper region of the tibial bone. One defect 
was filled with Nano-HA powder, while the other defect was left unfilled. The 
advancement of N-HA's healing process was monitored through sequential 
radiographic imaging and histological examination until the completion of each 
designated observation period. The findings of our investigation demonstrated that 
the region where N-HA was inserted exhibited enhanced bone formation, 
suggesting a more rapid and robust healing reaction in comparison to the control 
site. The data presented here provide empirical evidence supporting the notion that 
Nano-HA possesses favorable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and 
osteoinductive properties.