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296054

Hematobiochemical and Immunological Profiles of Horses Used for Preparation of ‎Antitetanic hyperimmune Serum by Different Types of Adjuvants

Article

Last updated: 04 Jan 2025

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Tags

Clinical pathology

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the hematobiochemical and immunological profiles following immunization of equine with tetanus toxoid or/and toxin for obtaining antitetanic hyperimmune serum with special reference to the role of adjuvants in boosting immune response to immunization. Forty- Five apparently healthy horses were divided into 9 groups, one control group and other 8 groups were subjected to 8 vaccination protocols including tetanus toxoid or/ and toxin with or without adjuvants according to the experimental design of this study. Blood samples were collected from all horses and were assayed for the selected hematobiochemical and immunological parameters. Hematologically, there was a significant decreasesin the mean values of RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV and platelet in all vaccinated groups compared to control one. MCH and MCHC values showed a significant increases in immunized horses except in group administered tetanus toxoid combined with CFA whereas their values exhibited a significant decreases. The mean values of TLC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts exhibited a significant increase in all vaccinated groups with or without addition of adjuvants. The results of serum biochemical parameters showed significant reduction in serum albumin levels and marked elevation in the concentrations of total protein, globulin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin as well as serum enzymatic activities of AST and LDH. Regarding the immunological responses, all vaccinated groups demonstrated a significant increase in the limits of flocculation, IgG and α1, α2 and γ-globulins compared to control particularly in groups injected with a combination tetanus toxoid and toxin. For most tested parameters the effects were more pronounced when CFA was added to the vaccination protocols.  In conclusion, the presented results can consider the Freund adjuvants as apotent enhancers of immune response to tetanus vaccines for production of high titer hyperimmune serum with few side effects and thus high safety margin. However, the repeated use of horses for preparation of antitetanic hyperimmune serum should be avoided as it can result in chronic inflammatory stimulus leading to various health hazards particularly on liver.  

DOI

10.21608/jcvr.2023.296054

Keywords

equine, Freund adjuvants, hyperimmune serum, Tetanus and Toxoid. ‎

Authors

First Name

Nahed

Last Name

Saleh

MiddleName

S.

Affiliation

-

Email

nahed.thabet@vet.usc.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Tamer

Last Name

Allam

MiddleName

S.

Affiliation

-

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Abir

Last Name

Elfiky

MiddleName

A.

Affiliation

-

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Mohamed

Last Name

Adel

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

-

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Shimaa

Last Name

Abou-Zeid

MiddleName

M.

Affiliation

-

Email

-

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

5

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

40921

Issue Date

2023-04-01

Receive Date

2023-04-20

Publish Date

2023-04-01

Page Start

177

Page End

205

Print ISSN

2636-4018

Online ISSN

2636-4026

Link

https://jcvr.journals.ekb.eg/article_296054.html

Detail API

https://jcvr.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=296054

Order

14

Type

Original Article

Type Code

799

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Journal of Current Veterinary Research

Publication Link

https://jcvr.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Hematobiochemical and Immunological Profiles of Horses Used for Preparation of ‎Antitetanic hyperimmune Serum by Different Types of Adjuvants

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024