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380054

The Enterococcus: Review of its characters regarding virulence factors, antibiotic Resistance, pathogenesis, and Treatment

Article

Last updated: 24 Dec 2024

Subjects

-

Tags

Microbiology

Abstract

Enterococci are among the normal human microbiota inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. However, they can translocate into blood causing infections. Many Enterococci species are identified, with E. faecalis and E. faecium being the most common species isolated from human infections. Both inherent and acquired anti-microbial resistance among Enterococci play a great role in the development and spread of MDR strains. This indicates a major challenge in treating enterococcal infections with empirical regimens. Also, the high level of resistance may be attributed to the excessive of these antibiotics for Gram positive bacterial infections in our locality. Enterococci are known to be biofilm producers. Biofilm production occurs in a dynamic process. Adherence of bacterial cells to specific surfaces, such as, medical devices, dead tissues, and catheters, is considered the first crucial step in biofilm production. Biofilm production aids to the virulence and pathogenicity of Enterococci. Biofilm production exhibits antibiotic resistance and failure of antibodies killing function. Our aim of this review is to demonstrate the characters of Enterococcus as regarding virulence factors, antibiotic Resistance, pathogenesis, and recent possible treatment

DOI

10.21608/smj.2024.313933.1491

Keywords

enterococci, Antibiotic resistance, Biofilm production

Authors

First Name

Mai

Last Name

Khalifa

MiddleName

Gamal Abdel Naser

Affiliation

Medical Mirobiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

Email

maigamal@med.sohag.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

First Name

Mona

Last Name

Mohmmad

MiddleName

Fattouh

Affiliation

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University

Email

monarahman2002@yahoo.co.uk

City

sohag

Orcid

-

First Name

wesam

Last Name

aboalwafa

MiddleName

abdelgalil

Affiliation

Anesthesia, Intensive Care, and Pain Management Department, faculty of medicine, sohag university

Email

abdelgalilwesam@gmail.com

City

sohag

Orcid

-

First Name

Noha

Last Name

Shafik

MiddleName

Saber

Affiliation

Medical Microbiology and Immunology department, faculty of Medicine Sohag university

Email

nohasaber@med.sohag.edu.eg

City

-

Orcid

-

Volume

28

Article Issue

3.

Related Issue

47915

Issue Date

2024-09-01

Receive Date

2024-08-22

Publish Date

2024-09-01

Page Start

35

Page End

43

Print ISSN

1687-8353

Online ISSN

2682-4159

Link

https://smj.journals.ekb.eg/article_380054.html

Detail API

https://smj.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=380054

Order

380,054

Type

Review Article

Type Code

2,807

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Sohag Medical Journal

Publication Link

https://smj.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

The Enterococcus: Review of its characters regarding virulence factors, antibiotic Resistance, pathogenesis, and Treatment

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024