The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become integral to numerous engineering applications, transforming fields such as construction, surveying, and agriculture. This research delves into the evaluation of post-processed kinematics (PPK) accuracy in engineering projects utilizing GPS technology, specifically comparing Fast Static (FS) with PPK coordinates across various session durations (SD). The study employs Trimble R4 GPS receivers at Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. The research explores two primary GPS positioning methods: static and kinematic. The focus is on PPK, a technique where data is processed after fieldwork, allowing for integration with precise ephemeris. The research compares PPK accuracy with FS across different SDs. The study area covers 0.129 km² with diverse features like trees and buildings. Three points on grass, asphalt, and sand surfaces are observed using FS for one hour. PPK is then applied with varying SDs (1 to 60 seconds). Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, assess the significance of differences in SDs at different locations. The results indicate that PPK accuracy improves with longer SDs, achieving a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.7cm in 2D with a 60-second duration. Shorter SDs (1 to 30 seconds) exhibit significant differences, while longer durations (40 to 60 seconds) show no significant variation. The research underscores the importance of selecting appropriate SDs for optimal accuracy in precision-demanding GPS applications. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing GPS technology for engineering, emphasizing the significance of session duration selection for PPK accuracy. The findings contribute to the ongoing refinement of GPS technology in engineering projects.
 
 
Special Issue of AEIC 2024 (Civil Engineering  Session)