In the Gulf area, the racing camel is a very valuable animal. Escherichia coli (E. coli) septicemia has been reported in young camelids (Camelus dromedarius) 2 to 4 weeks old causing 30% morbidity and 100% case fatality. Infection occurred after exhaustion, poor nutrition, inadequate colostrum intake and unhygienic (sewage contaminated) environment. This study investigated the cause of a septicemic condition with high mortality (58.3%) among racing dromedary camels (2.5- 5 years old) in Oman. Hematology revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia, marked lymphopenia, and deranged hepatic, renal and muscle biochemical profiles. Clinical signs were high fever with lymphadenopathy. The pathological examination revealed inflammation of lung, trachea, abomasum, kidney, heart and liver with considerable parenchymal necrosis and hemorrhages. Multidrug resistant E. coli was isolated from the tissues of all dead cases. This is the first report about E. coli septicemia in adult dromedary camels. The multidrug resistance nature of the bacterial isolates is a significant clinical and health challenge.