Introduction: Lipoma is a relatively rare soft tissue tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region, with various subtypes. One of these subtypes, spindle cell lipoma (SCL), accounts for about 1.5% of all lipoma cases.These tumors are characterized by frequent 13q14 deletions, involving the RB1 gene locus, leading to the loss of nuclear RB1 protein expression in neoplastic cells.
Case report: The reported case is a 40-year-oldmale patient who presented with a mass in the left buccal mucosa. Intraoral examination revealed a well-circumscribed mass covered by normal mucosa. An excisional biopsy was performed and revealed variable amounts of mature adipocytes, bland spindle cells, ropey collagen and mast cells. Based on these observations, the diagnosis of SCL was established.
Discussion: Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) was first described in 1975, it primarily affects adult males in their forties to fifties. Histologically, SCL consists of spindle cells in a collagenous stroma with adipose tissue and often contains mast cells. The main differential diagnoses include classic lipoma, neurofibromaand well-differentiated liposarcoma. The preferred treatment of choice is local surgical excision.
Conclusion: Although SCL is a rare form of lipoma,it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of submucosal lesions in this area.