Abstract:
Introduction: Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilaginous tumor which occurs rarely in the head and neck. Chondrosarcoma may present with a wide variation of clinical manifestations, depending on its site. It harbors somatic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase genes 1 and 2 (IDH1, IDH2). Microscopically it is formed of cellular nodules of malignant cartilage. Different treatment modalities applied according to many factors, but Surgical excision is the most common modality followed in head and neck region.
Case presentation: A 20-year-old male patient presented with an intraoral painful swelling on the upper anterior maxilla for one month before. Clinically, A large 3*3*2 cm circular swelling of normal gingival color causing displacement of right upper central incisor was seen. Radiographically, there is a periapical radiolucency around the central incisor. The histopathological examination revealed a lobulated tumor formed of hyaline cartilage with areas of myxoid matrix. The chondrocytes display nuclear atypia and irregular nuclear membrane. The diagnosis of Conventional Chondrosarcoma grade II was established. There was no recurrence after 6 months.
Conclusion: The distinguishing head and neck chondrosarcoma from other lesions which have similar histological picture, but different treatment modalities, clinical behavior and prognosis is highly important and need through search to reach the final diagnosis.