Background: Fipronil (FPN) is a widely indoor and agricultural used insecticide that is used by farmers all over the world. However, its incorrect use leads to the contamination of water and soil, so it became toxic to animals and humans. Vitamin E (VIT. E)  is a fat-soluble vitamin in which its main role is to act as an antioxidant, removing free radicals that can destroy cells. So it is recommended for pregnant and lactating women, old age people and atherosclerotic patients. Aim of the work: studying the neurotoxic influence of Fipronil and the possible protective role of Vitamin E.   Material and methods: this study was done on 30 adult rats divided equally into 3 groups: control group; with no intervention, 2nd group Fipronil; they were treated with Fipronil (20 mg/kg) daily orally for 5 days only, 3rd group (Fipronil + VIT.E); where the rats treated with VIT.E (1000 mg/kg) daily orally for 2weeks +Fipronil in the last 5days.the rats were anesthetized 24 hrs after the last dose and then sacrificed, and sections from the cerebellum were taken for the histological and immunohistochemical study.   Results: Fipronil group showed destruction in the cells of the cortex with wide spaces in between. The positive reaction appears with caspase in this group, while less B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression was noticed in this group, the 3rd group showed less destruction with Vitamin E intake.    Conclusion: Fipronil is a toxic reagent and should be used with limitations; Vitamin E is a good antioxidant that should be used.