301062

Prevalence of Biofilm Formation in Salmonella typhi Isolated from Enteritis Patients in Al-Najaf-Iraq

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Several types of bacteria enhance their survival by attaching to non-living surfaces or tissues, presenting them as multicellular communities covered by a protective extracellular matrix called biofilm. There has been a clear interest in assessing the relationship between antibiotic resistance phenotype and biofilm production. The aim of this paper was to present additional experimental results on this topic and to test the ability of Salmonella typhi isolates to biofilm formation using in vitro methods in the context of their antibiotic resistance. In the result of the study, 28 isolates of S. typhi were included. All 28 clinical specimens 100% showed strong biofilm formation and all clinical specimens showed the presence of pml gene by clear bands in gel electrophoresis. The results of the antibiotic sensitivity test of S. typhi isolates by disk diffusion method against 18 types of commonly used antibiotics showed a large variation in their rates of antibiotic resistance, as the highest percentage of resistance to the antibiotic to S. typhi resistance to the most common antibiotics used in treatment. The highest rate of resistance was seen with Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin, Ceftrazidime, Cefotaxime, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin 28/28 (100%) followed by Azithromycin and Cephalothin 26/28 (92.9%), Levofloxacin and Erythromycin 22/28 (78.6%), Chloramphenicol 20/28 (71.4%), Clindamycin 8/28 (28.6%), Imipenem 4/28 (14.3%), Tobramycin, Netilmicin and Tetracycline 3/28 (10.7%) as all isolates were sensitive. The study found a positive correlation between interesting study genes and biofilm formation and antibiotics in S. typhi. Strains that appeared multidrug-resistant (MDR) were given a high mean of biofilm. It has been demonstrated that some correlations exist between antibiotic resistance and the biofilm-forming ability of S. typhi isolates. There is an association between biofilm production with persistent infection and antibiotic failure.

DOI

10.21608/eajbsc.2023.301062

Keywords

Salmonella Typhi, Enteritis, Biofilm, PML, MDR

Authors

First Name

Nisreen

Last Name

Mahdi

MiddleName

Ahmed

Affiliation

Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Iraq

Email

zahraayosif@gmail.com

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Zahraa

Last Name

Motaweq

MiddleName

Yosif

Affiliation

Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Iraq

Email

zahraa.mutawak@uokufa.edu.iq

City

Najaf

Orcid

-

Volume

15

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

38909

Issue Date

2023-06-01

Receive Date

2023-04-24

Publish Date

2023-06-05

Page Start

447

Page End

454

Print ISSN

2090-0767

Online ISSN

2090-083X

Link

https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_301062.html

Detail API

https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=301062

Order

301,062

Type

Original Article

Type Code

673

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology

Publication Link

https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Prevalence of Biofilm Formation in Salmonella typhi Isolated from Enteritis Patients in Al-Najaf-Iraq

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024