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The Early Predictive Role of Serum Zonulin Level for COVID-19 Severity in Patients Survival

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which first appeared in Wuhan and quickly spread around the world. The Middle-East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreaks in 2003 and more recently have demonstrated how lethal CoVs can be when they infect humans across the species barrier. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has threatened the world in many ways (SARS-CoV-2). Zonulin is a member of a protein family whose first member, pre-haptoglobin 2 (HP2), was discovered nearly ten years ago. (Rittirsch D 2013).Materials and Methods: A total of 120 Covid-19 patients' serum samples were collected and an apparently healthy group (n=60) with an age range (of 35-75) years, was admitted from AL- Amal Hospital. Zonulin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (kit. Metabolic parameters were measured by enzymatic spectrophotometer methods. The correlation coefficients between serum Zonulin levels and age, BMI, Elements and electrolytes were also evaluated.Results: Serum Zonulin, CRP, D-dimer and ferritin levels were significantly higher in Patients with COVID-19 (324.4±12.46) vs in control (79.69±11.77), (42.67±1.84) vs in control (3.36±0.25), (4188.21±198.73) vs in control (289.43±251) and (738±20.09) vs in control (130.66±9.2) (P <0.001). The correlation of Zonulin levels in COVID-19 patients was significantly positive with age, CRP, D-dimer and ferritin levels but negative with Iron, Ca and Na levels. The serum of Zonulin levels in moderate COVID-19 patients significantly high compared with the critical and severe patients group.Conclusions: Serum Zonulin levels increased in COVID-19 patients, especially in severe cases. Therefore, Zonulin levels demonstrate a prognostic value for predicting the severity of COVID-19. Continuous Zonulin results throughout the study period revealed that the severe group's values were higher than those of the non-severe group.

DOI

10.21608/eajbsc.2023.297202

Keywords

COVID-19, Serum Zonulin, C-reactive protein, Ferritin and Electrolytes

Authors

First Name

Aiman

Last Name

Abbas

MiddleName

Jawad

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq.

Email

aymen.jwad2017@gmail.com

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Muthana

Last Name

Mashhour

MiddleName

Saleh

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq.

Email

-

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Hanaa

Last Name

Ali

MiddleName

Addai

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq.

Email

muthanahana74@gmail.co

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Sayed

Last Name

Seyadat

MiddleName

Omid Ranai

Affiliation

Protein Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University, Iran.

Email

-

City

Iran

Orcid

-

First Name

Rawaa

Last Name

Ali

MiddleName

Adday

Affiliation

Microbiology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Al-Qasim Green University Babylon 51001, Iraq.

Email

rawaaadai@yahoo.com

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Majid

Last Name

Al-Ghazali

MiddleName

Jawad

Affiliation

Al-Hakim General Hospital / Najaf – Iraq.

Email

-

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Ammar

Last Name

Madlool

MiddleName

Kareem

Affiliation

Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Najaf 54001, Iraq.

Email

-

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Mohammed

Last Name

Salman

MiddleName

Saeed

Affiliation

AL-Sadr Medical City/Najaf –Iraq.

Email

-

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Azhar

Last Name

Brbber

MiddleName

Mohammed

Affiliation

Ministry of Education, Muthanna Education Directorate/ Iraq.

Email

azhar55.1989@gmail.com

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

First Name

Mohammed

Last Name

AL- Rufaie

MiddleName

Majeed A

Affiliation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf 54001, Iraq.

Email

-

City

Iraq

Orcid

-

Volume

15

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

38909

Issue Date

2023-06-01

Receive Date

2023-03-28

Publish Date

2023-05-05

Page Start

375

Page End

391

Print ISSN

2090-0767

Online ISSN

2090-083X

Link

https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/article_297202.html

Detail API

https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=297202

Order

297,202

Type

Original Article

Type Code

673

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. C, Physiology and Molecular Biology

Publication Link

https://eajbsc.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

The Early Predictive Role of Serum Zonulin Level for COVID-19 Severity in Patients Survival

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024