Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a significant piercing-sucking pest that feeds on many kinds of plants. The aim of this study is to investigate the biology, reproduction and life table parameters of A. gossypii on five different host plants: eggplant, okra, pepper, sowthistle and tomato at 25°C and 60% RH., to study the effects of host species. The results revealed that the shortest preadult stage of A. gossypii was 4.75 days on pepper. Both the maximum reproduction and the reproductive period of A. gossypii on pepper (12.0 days) and eggplant (11. days) were significantly longer than those on the other three hosts. The cotton aphid had the maximum fertility on pepper (62.60 nymphs per female), followed by eggplant (55.20 nymphs per female), which was likewise higher than on tomato, okra, and sowthistle. As shown by the higher intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate, pepper and eggplant were found to be more favorable plants for the growth of A. gossypii, showing a shorter preadult stage, longer lifespan, and better fecundity than the other three species. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m = 0.480 ♀/♀/day), the net reproduction rate (R₀ = 62.6 offspring/ indv.), and the Gross reproduction rate (GRR) (71.7 /♀) values were higher on the pepper plants.