Abstract
Background: Pharmaceuticals called sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are used to manage diabetes mellitus. They mainly target the enzyme SGLT-2, which is located in the kidney's proximal tubule. Recent research suggests that SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrate positive effects on kidney health in adult chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, irrespective of whether they have type 2 diabetes. Aim: to highlight different SGLT-2 inhibitors that have reno-protective effect in non-diabetic patients with different kidney and comorbid disease conditions. Results and discussion: It has been demonstrated that dapagliflozin, a particular SGLT-2 inhibitor, reduces early levels of proteinuria in pediatrics with proteinuric CKD. On the other hand, empagliflozin has demonstrated positive effects on kidney health in adult CKD patients, regardless of whether they have type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, canagliflozin has been found to protect against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in a mouse model. Ertugliflozin administration has been associated with a reduction in the ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine and mitigated decline in creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCr). Conclusion: In non-diabetic cases, SGLT-2 inhibitors have generally shown promise in maintaining kidney function; dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, in particular, have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on proteinuria levels and AKI, respectively.