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Infective Endocarditis in a Previously Healthy Adolescent Masquerading as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the COVID-19 Era

Article

Last updated: 24 Dec 2024

Subjects

-

Tags

Rheumatology

Abstract

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome of children (MIS-C) has emerged as a serious systemic inflammatory disorder complicating COVID-19 infection in children. Arterial and venous thrombosis have been reported complicating COVID-19 infection but not infective endocarditis (IE). Case presentation: Herein, we describe a 12-year-old girl initially presented with picture of MIS-C with echocardiography (ECHO) revealing only pericardial effusion, for which she has received single dose of pulsed methylprednisolone with no improvement, her blood picture was significant for anemia and thrombocytopenia, with increased acute phase reactants (APRs) including serum ferritin and IL-6. She was found to have as well oral ulcers, polyarthritis, vascular purpura, and exaggerated deep tendon reflexes. She had history of low-grade fever, gastrointestinal illness, together with myalgia and easily fatigability during the last month before presentation, symptoms suggestive of viral infection most probably SARS-CoV-2 infection with positive COVID-19 IgG. The girl was considered as probable systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in face of negative immunological evaluation for SLE except for moderately positive anti-cardiolipin IgM. Initially, the girl has responded to intravenous steroids but ten days later, she came back toxic with marked increase in APRs and ECHO revealed left atrial mural highly mobile floating mass, blood culture was positive for staphylococcus coagulase negative organism, steroids were gradually withdrawn, and complete resolution of the IE was achieved after six weeks of parenteral antibiotics. Conclusion: COVID-19 infection can result in subclinical cardiac affection making the heart vulnerable to colonization with even mild bacteremia. Although autoimmune features of IE are uncommon but can confuse the presentation especially when the vegetations could not initially be detected by ECHO.

DOI

10.21608/ejpa.2024.271574.1062

Keywords

Infective endocarditis, autoimmune diseases, Systemic lupus erythematosus, COVID19, MIS-C

Authors

First Name

Sally

Last Name

Mohammed

MiddleName

Gouda

Affiliation

Ain Shams University

Email

dr_sally_moazamy@hotmail.com

City

New Cairo

Orcid

0009-0006-9283-0547

First Name

Marwa

Last Name

Nasef

MiddleName

wahed

Affiliation

Ain Shams University

Email

marwamedshams@gmail.com

City

Cairo

Orcid

-

Volume

22

Article Issue

1

Related Issue

47126

Issue Date

2024-04-01

Receive Date

2024-02-22

Publish Date

2024-04-01

Page Start

27

Page End

33

Print ISSN

1687-1642

Online ISSN

2314-8934

Link

https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/article_350171.html

Detail API

https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=350171

Order

350,171

Type

Case reports

Type Code

647

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

The Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Publication Link

https://ejpai.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Infective Endocarditis in a Previously Healthy Adolescent Masquerading as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the COVID-19 Era

Details

Type

Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024