Introduction: Nursing is at the forefront of healthcare, providing a critical resource for patients. Because the profession of nursing requires a lot of responsibility, commitment, and, most importantly, a big effort, nurses were shown to have a significant incidence of psychological stress, ranging from moderate to severe levels. This has an impact on their quality of life because they must maintain both physical and mental well-being in order to provide excellent care to their patients while also improving their own. While nursing is widely recognized as physically demanding, the impact of psychological distress on caring behaviors, particularly in rehabilitation settings, remains understudied. Study aim: This review aimed to explore and synthesize theoretical evidence on the relationship between psychological distress and health- related quality of life among rehabilitation nurses, while identifying existing research gaps in the literature. Study methodology: This review collected 17 primary full-text papers in English from several databases: MEDLINE, SAGE Knowledge, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The full text was obtained through the Saudi Digital Library. Findings: The literature review highlighted recurring themes indicating and analysing a correlation between psychological distress and health-related quality of life. Conclusion: This paper indicated that workplace psychological stressors among rehabilitation nurses are likely increasing and affecting their well-being and patient care. The key risk factors for psychological discomfort include age, marital status, work schedules, workplace physical activity, musculoskeletal problems, anxiety, and depression. Several individual and organizational solutions are needed to reduce psychological discomfort and improve quality of life. In addition, interventions and policies are needed to address the associated stressors.