Introduction: Vaccination is a simple, safe, and effective way of protecting you against harmful diseases, before you come into contact with them. Immunization leads to a remarkable reduction in cases of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases between children. Aim of the study: Our aim was to examine how parental attitudes and beliefs toward childhood vaccination were measured in questionnaires through a systematic review of the literature. Design: descriptive study, setting: study was carried out from Najaf and Babil from 1st January 2024 to 20 February 2024. Under the supervision of the department of anesthesia technologies in Al-Mustaqbal university. Subjects: Two thousand (2000) adult parents between (20– 50) years old were enrolled in this study, one thousand and one hundred ten (1110) males and eight hundred fifty (890) females. Discussion: From the results above, a decision is made to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis Which proves that there is a high significant when examine how parental attitudes and beliefs towards childhood vaccination in a significant level of 0.05 and below with statistical significance (0.001 High-significance data variable) this is due to the data with the higher average, Conclusion: from this data we can conclude there was a high significance data analyzed in paternal attitude and beliefs in children vaccination and there are essential in life to get vaccination from the modern disease. People who do not believe in the vaccine may be because they are uneducated, uneducated, and unemployed. Recommendation: Based on the study, the following recommendations are suggested: Health education program about the importance of vaccination, Ongoing research about how to decrease vaccine hesitant.