Background: A tracheostomy tube is an artificial airway, its an essential procedure for patients suffering from complications of acute or chronic respiratory failure, Individuals with tracheostomies are presented with a variety of functional, physical, and psychosocial challenges spanning from the point of insertion through hospital discharge to caring for the tracheostomy at home, and may face a range of daily physical challenges, from adjusting to swallowing and speaking, to dealing with the psychological aspects of their altered physical appearance. Aim: the study aims to assess health needs and problems of patient with permanent tracheostomy. Design: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at surgical outpatient clinic at ElHelal and AlDemerdash Hospital, Cairo city- Egypt. Subjects: A purposive sample was used for conducting the study. Data collection tools: Interviewing- questionnaire sheet was used for the data collection which include four parts: Socio-demographic characteristics, tracheostomy patients' knowledge, practices, and patients' health needs and problems. Results: more than a half of patients them had unsatisfactory knowledge, while 63.3% of them had achieved satisfactory practice of care and, 40% of them had a moderate health need. Conclusion: this study concluded that more than half of patients had satisfactory level of knowledge and satisfactory level of practice, whereas near two thirds of them had moderate health needs. Recommendations: conduct training programs for patients, relatives and healthcare practitioners regarding effective permanent tracheostomy care.