Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients' compliance with therapeutic regimens is crucial for desired clinical outcomes. Non-compliance behavior is associated with various factors related to patient, socioeconomic status, health condition, therapy,  healthcare team, and system. These factors can lead to ineffective disease control, increased morbidity, and recurrent hospitalization. Aim of the study: Assess factors affecting compliance with therapeutic regimen among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Research design: A descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. Setting: Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic at Damanhour National Medical Institute in Elbehira governorate, Egypt. Subjects: A convenient sample of 120 male and female RA patients. Tools of data collection: Three tools was used to collect data for the current study. Tool one: Demographic and Clinical Data Structured Interview Schedule. Tool Two: Factors Affecting Compliance of RA Patients with Therapeutic Regimen Questionnaire. Tool Three: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients' Compliance Questionnaire. Results: Revealed that patient-related factors were rated as the most significant factors negatively affecting the compliance level, while social factors were rated as the least significant. Additionally, more than half of the studied RA  patients exhibited poor compliance levels, which are considered a strong indicator of non-compliance with recommended therapeutic regimens. Conclusion: Patient-related factors were rated as the highest factors affecting therapeutic regimen compliance among studied RA patients while social factors were rated as the lowest. More than half of studied RA patients showed poor compliance with their therapeutic regimens. Recommendations: Conduct regular scientific meetings for healthcare providers directly involved in RA patient care to discuss patient issues and detect factors affecting therapeutic compliance.