293497

Effect of Breast Feeding on Immunization Pain Intensity level among Infants

Article

Last updated: 03 Jan 2025

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Abstract

 Pain can be managed by using both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. The nonpharmacological method used is breastfeeding for managing pain and it is the preferred method during infancy. The aim was to identify the effect of breastfeeding on immunization pain intensity level among infants. Subjects and method: Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to fulfill the aim of the current study. Setting: the research was conducted in the Maternal and Child Health Center (Dar El-salaam Abdallah). Subjects: A purposive sample of 200 mothers and their infants was included and assigned into control and study group, 100 infants in each group (100 breastfed before, during, and after immunization and 100 not breastfed). Two tools were used: Tool (I) A structured interview questionnaire and Tool (II) Neonatal Infant Pain Scale. Results: The results revealed that majority of the infants in the study group their facial expressions were relaxed, half of them did not cry at all, and the breathing pattern was relaxed among 66% of them. Highly statistical significance differences between infants six behavioral pain indicators including facial expression, crying, breathing pattern, arms, legs, and state of arousal in the study group and control groups. There were significant differences between pain scores of the infants after immunization in the study and control groups (at P<0.0001). In study group, more than half of infants had no pain compared to all infants in the control group who felt pain. Conclusion: It was concluded that breastfeeding was had highly statistically significant positive effect non-pharmacological method for reducing immunization pain intensity level among the studied infants in the study group versus control group. Pain intensity was significantly less among the infants administered immunization during breastfeeding. Recommendations: It is recommended to use breastfeeding during immunization as an intervention to reduce pain among infants. It needs less time, minimum effort, and is cost-effective without side effects which can be used easily in clinical settings. Replication of the current study with a larger sample of infants in different settings is required for generalizing the results. 

DOI

10.21608/ejhc.2022.293497

Keywords

breastfeeding, infant, Immunization, Pain intensity

Authors

First Name

Hanan

Last Name

Abdallah Mohammed

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Fayoum University

Email

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Hoda

Last Name

Esmat Mahmoud Khalil

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Misr University for Science and technology

Email

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Manal

Last Name

Abd Elsalam Amin

MiddleName

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Affiliation

Fellow of Nursing, Ph.D. in Community Health Nursing, Ain Shams University Hospital

Email

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City

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Orcid

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First Name

Manal

Last Name

Mohamed Ahmed Ayed

MiddleName

-

Affiliation

Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Sohag University

Email

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City

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Orcid

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Volume

13

Article Issue

4

Related Issue

36500

Issue Date

2022-12-01

Receive Date

2023-04-02

Publish Date

2022-12-01

Page Start

1,801

Page End

1,810

Print ISSN

1687-9546

Online ISSN

3009-6766

Link

https://ejhc.journals.ekb.eg/article_293497.html

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https://ejhc.journals.ekb.eg/service?article_code=293497

Order

293,497

Type

Original Article

Type Code

631

Publication Type

Journal

Publication Title

Egyptian Journal of Health Care

Publication Link

https://ejhc.journals.ekb.eg/

MainTitle

Effect of Breast Feeding on Immunization Pain Intensity level among Infants

Details

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Article

Created At

24 Dec 2024