Background and aim: Antibiograms are reports summarizing the rates of bacterial antibiotic susceptibility inside a specific institution over the course of a calendar year. The aim of this study is to ascertain the prevalence and types of pathogens as well as their antibiotic susceptibility and resistance at surgical and emergency Intensive care units (ICUs) at Zagazig University Hospitals.
Methods: A one-year retrospective analytical study was conducted from January to December, 2022,with a total of 16,914 clinical isolates acquired from different clinical specimens from surgical and emergency ICUs at Zagazig University Hospitals.‎
Results: Gram-negative bacteria were the most commonly identified pathogens (84.27%), with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most often detected one with a 39.01% incidence, followed by Escherichia coli with a 14.56% incidence. Staphylococcus species were recovered from 2649 isolates, with hominis being the most common. Gram-positive bacteria were the most commonly isolated organisms in blood cultures, while K. pneumoniae was the most commonly isolated pathogen in sputum, urine, and wound cultures. Colistin is the most effectively used antibiotic, with sensitivity for K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter of 95, 89, 92, and 85%, respectively. As regards the sensitivity to tigecycline, it was 87% for E. coli, 76% for Acinetobacter, and 75% for K. pneumonia. However, the sensitivity of carbepenem for these organisms was remarkably low.
Conclusion: Our study provided local baseline epidemiological data that reveals the scope of our tertiary care hospitals` ICU infection problem. It provides valuable information of the common microbial infections and their antimicrobial susceptibilities.