Material science is becoming more popular and useful, with a significant demand for composite materials that incorporate the finest attributes of both components. Polymer nanocomposites have recently created quite a stir in the media and in a variety of industries. There has been a lot of interest in modifying the structure and composition of materials on a nanometer scale all across the world in recent years. As a result, a thorough examination of the production, properties, and applications of polymer nanocomposites is essential. Polymer nanocomposites are classified into numerous types depending on a variety of characteristics. The sol-gel method, in-situ polymerization, solution mixing, melt mixing, and in-situ intercalative polymerization are all utilized in the preparation. Nano composites' mechanical, optical, rheological, flame retardant and dielectric properties have all been extensively researched. Finally, the important applications of nano composites have been explored, as well as their future potential..