Background: Due to its prevalence and the absence of well-established preoperative indicators, hypoparathyroidism poses a significant problem. Objective: This study aimed to find characteristics that predict hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy was the primary goal of this investigation. Patients and methods: In this prospective analysis, 123 patients who were candidates for a thyroidectomy were enrolled. Early hypocalcemia symptoms and potential risk factors were monitored in these individuals. Results: The mean age of the studied patients was 47.22 ± 12.2 years. Hypocalcemia was significantly evident in the age group between 40-50 years. Results showed that recurring goiter, Grave's disease, malignant goiter and block neck dissection were significantly correlated with postoperative hypocalcemia. Conclusion: Malignant goiter, Grave's disease (GD) and recurrent goiter are independent risk factors for post total thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.