Background: The hands of health care workers (HCWs) are more often the carriers of the germs that cause HAIs. Therefore, among HCWs, illnesses are frequently linked to poor hand hygiene habits. Objective: This study aimed to assess hand hygiene compliance among HCWs at Inpatient Departments National Liver Institute (NLI), Menoufia University. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, hand hygiene compliance of HCWs in NLI at inpatients was assessed using standardized world health organization hand hygiene (WHO HH) observation check list. Results: Regarding hand hygiene compliance at different NLI inpatients, HH compliance was the highest among HCWs of Hepatobiliary surgery inpatient (37.5%) compared to Hepatobiliary pediatric (31.25%) and Hepatobiliary Internal Medicine inpatient (28.1%). Conclusion: HH compliance of HCWs at different inpatient departments was low. Education is a major aspect influencing the practice of HH. Further studies with large numbers of participants need to be conducted for better assessment.