Background: segmental and global longitudinal peak systolic strain can detect the presence, severity, and extension of coronary artery disease (CAD) in suspected CAD patients.
Objective: To evaluate the role of myocardial strain by 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with suspected CAD and normal LVEF without rest segmental wall motion abnormalities
Methods: segmental and global longitudinal peak systolic strain was done in seventy-four suspected CAD patients with normal echocardiographic study then correlated to the coronary angiography findings for each patient.
Results: 18.5 was global longitudinal strain (GLS) cut off can detect CAD with AUC of 0.791, sensitivity of 82.4%, specificity of 70.2%, PPV of 71.2% and NPV of 93%. There was significant relation between CAD presence and GLS with mean value of 19.94 ± 2.68 and 16.77 ± 2.87 for non-significant and significant CAD respectively. Means of GLS were 14.88 ± 2.09, 16 ± 2.66, 18.25 ± 2.62 and 19.94 ± 2.68) for 3 CAD, 2 CAD, 1 CAD and normal results respectively (p value <0.001). GLS discriminated well between LM stenosis and non- LM stenosis (13 ± 0.71 and 16.7 ± 1.91 respectively, p < 0.001). Segmental longitudinal systolic strain can localize the affected vessel with p value < 0.001 and our study showed positive relation between GLS and LVEF and inverse relation between GLS and syntax score (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Global and segmental longitudinal strain assessed by 2D-STE at rest in suspected CAD even without apparent wall motion abnormalities can diagnose CAD earlier and can predict which patient at higher risk. Also, it can identify how many vessels affected and localize CAD with accepted sensitivity and specificity.