Background: An opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic gram-negative bacillus. It is a very adaptable microbe that can endure low oxygen levels. P aeruginosa can cause bacteremia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. It can also cause significant morbidity and death in cystic fibrosis patients because of persistent infections that lead to respiratory insufficiency and lung damage over time. P aeruginosa infections still provide a substantial problem for treatment. Objective:This article aimed to review the pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, drug resistance and treatment of P aeruginosa infections. Methods: We searched PubMed and Google, for P aeruginosa, diagnostic information, resistance and therapy drugs. The writers also assessed references from pertinent literature, although they only included the most recent or comprehensive study from April 2007 to April 2023. Documents in languages other than English have been disqualified due to lack of translation-related sources. Dissertations, oral presentations, unpublished manuscripts, conference abstracts, and other papers that did not pertain to significant scientific research were excluded. Conclusion: One of the most frequent pathogens responsible for nosocomial infections is P aeruginosa. Since this organism is able to acquire antibiotic resistance, treating these infections is challenging and they have significant death and morbidity rates.