Background: Aspartame, an artificial sweetener widely used in various food products, has raised concerns regarding its potential impact on male fertility. Objective: This research aimed to examine the histological effects of aspartame on testicular tissue in albino mice Mus musculus. Materials and methods: Twenty-five male albino mice (CD-1) of nearly the same age were individually weighed and randomly assigned to one of five groups: a control group received distilled water (the aspartame's solvent) orally and four treated groups received oral treatment with one of four doses of aspartame (250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) once per day for one month. Results: Histological analysis displayed noticeable differences within the treated groups when compared to the control group. Mice treated with aspartame exhibited dose-dependent changes in seminiferous tubules and interstitial spaces. Alterations in seminiferous tubules were represented by atrophied seminiferous tubules, vacuolation, exfoliated germ cells, hypoplasia of the germinal epithelium and spermatogenic arrest at various stages of spermatogenesis. However, the intertubular changes included congested blood vessels and interstitial edema. These findings raise concerns about the potential impact of aspartame consumption on testicular histology. Conclusion: Current results bring attention to the necessity for additional research on the effects of aspartame on reproductive health. The observed alterations in testicular tissue of albino mice warrant further investigation into the implications for human health, especially for individuals regularly exposed to aspartame. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and long-term consequences of aspartame consumption on male reproductive health is crucial for informed decision-making regarding its use.